外国人入境签证，应该办理哪种签证

The“Decreeof the State Council of the People’s Republic of China No.637″ establishesthe procedures on the basis of which the various provinces of thePeople’s Republic of China determines the entry of foreignnationals into the country.

《中华人民共和国国务院第637号令》规定了中华人民共和国各省外国公民入境的程序。

1.Categories of Entry Visas in China

1.中国入境签证种类

Article6 of Decree no. 637 lists the main types of Chinese Visas, pidedbased on the intended activities.

第637号法令第6条列出了中国签证的主要类型，并根据预期活动进行分类。

CVisa

C签证

Forcrew members performing duties on board an international train,aircraft or vessel.

适用于在国际列车、飞机或船舶上执行任务的船员。

DVisa

D签证

Forpeople coming to China for permanent residence.

对于来中国永久居留的人。

FVisa

F签证

Forexchanges, visits, study tours.

交流、访问、考察旅行。

GVisa

G签证

Fortransit only through China.

只能通过中国过境。

JVisa for Journalists

J记者签证

Thiskind of Visa is further pided into 2 types:

这种签证进一步分为两类:

• J1Visa: For resident foreign journalists;

• J1签证:外国常驻记者;

• J2Visa: For foreign journalists who come to China for short-term newscoverage.

• J2签证:适用于来中国进行短期新闻报道的外国记者。

LVisa

签证

Forpeople who come for travel purposes (tourism visa).

适用于旅游人士（旅游签证）。

MVisa

M签证

Forpeople coming to China for commercial trade activities (business).

适用于来中国从事商业贸易活动的人士。

QVisa

Q签证

TheQ Visa is issued in case of family reunion or short-term visits.There are 2 types of Chinese Q Visas:

Q签证是在家庭团聚或短期访问的情况下签发的。中国Q签证有两种类型:

• Q1visa: issued to family members of Chinese citizens and familymembers of foreigners with permanent residence status in China whoapply for residence in China for family reunion;

• Q1签证:签发给申请在中国居留团聚的中国公民家庭成员和在中国有永久居留身份的外国人家庭成员;

• Q2visa: it is for relatives of Chinese citizens living in China, orrelatives of foreigners with permanent residence status in China,who apply for a short-term visit.

• Q2签证:适用于在中国居住的中国公民的亲属或在中国有永久居留身份的外国人的亲属申请短期访问。

RVisa

R签证

Forforeigners of high talent or specialists needed by the country.

适用于国家需要的高级人才或专家。

SVisa

S签证

TheS Visa is issued to relatives and family members of foreigners whoreside in China for various reasons. There are 2 types of Chinese SVisas:

S签证发放给因各种原因在中国居住的外国人的亲属和家庭成员。中国S签证有两种类型:

• S1Visa: issued to the spouses, parents, children under the age of 18or parents-in-law of foreigners residing in China for work, study orother purposes who apply for a long-term visit to China;

• S1签证:发给因工作、学习或其他原因在中国居住的外国人的配偶、父母、18岁以下子女或岳父母申请来中国长期访问的签证;

• S2Visa: issued to family members of foreigners staying or residing inChina for work, study or other purposes who apply for a short-termvisit to China.

• S2签证:发给因工作、学习或其他原因在中国居住或逗留的外国人申请短期访问中国的家属。

Pleasekeep in mind that the S Visa is different from the Q Visa, as theformer is dedicated to family members or relatives of Foreignersresiding in China, not for Chinese residents (Q Visa).

请注意，S签证与Q签证不同，前者只针对在中国居住的外国人的家庭成员或亲属，不适用于中国居民。

XVisa to Study in China

到中国学习的X签证

ThisVisa is issued to applicants willing to study in China, and ispided in 2 types:

本签证发给愿意在中国留学的申请人，分为两类:

• X1visa: issued for long-term study in China;

• X1签证:在中国长期留学;

• X2visa: issued for short-term study in China.

• X2签证:在中国短期留学签发。

ZVisa to work in China

在中国工作的Z签证

ThisVisa is necessary for those who are applying for work in China.

这种签证对于那些申请在中国工作的人是必要的。

2.Howto apply for a Chinese Entry Visa

2.如何申请中国入境签证

Foreignnationals who intend to travel to China for the above listed reasonsshould apply for an appropriate Visa at the Chinese diplomaticmission in their residence country.

有上述理由来华旅游的外国人，应向其居住国的中国驻外使馆申请相应的签证。

Keepin mind that depending on the type of visa, different documents arerequired.

请记住，根据签证类型的不同，需要不同的文件。

Forvisa applications at the Chinese consular missions abroad, certaindocuments are always required, such as: passport, visa applicationform and a passport photo.

至于中国驻外领事馆的签证申请，一般都需要一些文件，例如:护照、签证申请表和护照照片。

Otherdocuments, however, change depending on the type of visa beingapplied for. For instance, for the M visa for commercial and businessactivities, an invitationletter fromthe inviting entity in China is required. The F visa requires theapplicant to submit an invitation letter provided by the invitingparty in China. For the G visa, the applicant shall submit a transitticket (air,road, rail or sea) to another country or region with the date andseat number on it.

然而，其他文件会根据申请签证的类型而改变。例如，对于商业和商业活动的M签证，需要中国邀请实体的邀请函。F签证要求申请人提交邀请方在中国提供的邀请信。对于G签证，申请人应提交一张到另一个国家或地区的过境机票（航空、公路、铁路或海路），上面应注明日期和座位号。

Chineseconsulates abroad usually require visa application documents to bedelivered in advance so that they can be thoroughly checked.

中国驻外领事馆通常要求提前递交签证申请文件，以便进行彻底检查。

Ifapplicants have previously been fingerprinted at the consulate, theirpresence at the Consulate may not be necessary.

如果申请人之前已经在领事馆进行了指纹采集，那么他们就没有必要去领事馆了。

If,on the other hand, the fingerprints have never been deposited at aChinese consulate, the applicant is likely to receive an invitationfor fingerprintings and an interview with the consul.

另一方面，如果指纹从未存放在中国领事馆，申请人可能会收到采集指纹的邀请和与领事的面谈。

2.1.Single, double and multiple Chinese entry visas

2.1单、双、多次中国入境签证

Throughthe visa application form, the applicant can choose the type of visaneeded and the desired number of entries:

申请人可通过签证申请表选择所需的签证种类及所需的入境次数:

• Single:valid for only one entry into the country in a given period of time;

• 单次:在一定时间内只能有一次入境;

• Double:valid for two entries into the country in a given period of time;

• 双倍:在一定时间内两次入境有效;

• Multiple:valid for more entries into the country in a given period of time.

• 多次:在给定的时间段内有效进入该国的次数更多。

Itshould be noted that the approval of the requests pointed out on thevisa application form always remains at the discretion of the Chinesediplomatic authorities.

应当指出的是，签证申请表上提出的请求是否获得批准，始终由中国外交部门酌情决定。

2.2.Duration of each Chinese entry visas

2.2中国入境签证的有效期

Afterthe visa collection, it is important to consider its duration. Inaddition to the number of entries, the consulate also decides thetime frame in which the visa remains valid and can be used. Foreignnationals can only use the visa and travel to China within thatduration.

在领取签证之后，考虑签证期限是很重要的。除了入境人数，领事馆还决定签证的有效期和可使用时间。外国人只能在此期限内使用签证并前往中国。

Inmost cases, a single-entry visa is valid for 30 days, while amultiple-entry visa is valid for 180 days. It is important toremember that this is not the rule and that the duration is also atconsular discretion.

大多数情况下，单次入境签证的有效期为30天，而多次入境签证的有效期为180天。重要的是要记住，这不是规则，期限也是由领事决定的。

Onlyin some cases it is possible to extend the validity of the visa fromChina, without having to return to one’s country of origin. Itis necessary to check this possibility in advance with the localimmigration authorities.

只有在某些情况下，才有可能延长中国签证的有效期，而不必返回自己的起源国。有必要事先与当地移民局核实这种可能性。

Ifthe above is not possible, foreign nationals must return to theirhome country and apply for a new visa.

如果上述情况不可能，外国人必须返回他们的祖国并申请新的签证。

Violationof the rules of stay may carry high penalties. In the most seriouscases, foreigners may be expelled from China, with a ban onreturning.

违反停留规则可能会受到高额处罚。在最严重的情况下，外国人可能会被驱逐出中国，并被禁止返回。

3.Working in China: the Chinese Business Visa Vs. Z Visa

3.在中国工作:中国商务签证与工作签证

Forthose who need to travel to China to carryout business and trade negotiations,the indicated visa is the Mtype.

对于那些需要前往中国进行商务和贸易谈判的人来说，指定的签证是M型的。

Thisvisa doesnot allow to conduct work activities inChina, but only to travel to the country following an invitation froma local entity to:

这种签证不允许在中国从事工作活动，但只允许应当地实体邀请前往该国:

• attendmeetings or audits;

• 出席会议或审核;

• negotiatewith local clients;

• 与当地客户谈判;

• attendtrade fairs or events.

• 参加交易会或活动。

3.1.Release of Chinese Business Visa after the pandemic

3.1大流行病后中国商务签证的发放

Followingthe pandemic, Chinese consular posts issue businessvisas valid for one entry only.The visa validity always remains at consular discretion. In general,the documents required to apply for a Business M Visa are:

大流行后，中国领事馆发放的商务签证只能一次入境。签证的有效性始终由领事馆自行决定。

Thevisa is issued in 7 to 10 working days from the filing ofdocumentation or from the consular interview.

签证在提交文件或领事面谈后的7至10个工作日内签发。

3.2.Activities in China with a Z Visa

3.2使用Z签证在中国的活动

The Zvisa isfor foreign nationals traveling to China forwork reasons, following employment with a local entity.

Z签证适用于在当地实体工作后因工作原因前往中国的外国人。

Beforebeing able to apply for a China Work Visa (Z-Visa)at a Chinese embassy abroad, applicants shall first get theNotification Letter for Foreigner’s Work Permit (NotificationLetter).The Notification Letter is an official letter from ChineseAuthorities, confirming that an applicant has been approved to workin China.

在中国驻外使馆申请中国工作签证前，申请人应先领取外国人工作许可通知书。通知书是中国当局发出的官方信函，确认申请人已被批准在中国工作。

Applicantscan enter China only after getting the Z-Visa. They also have toundertake a medical examination and register their residence at thelocal police station.

申请人只有在获得Z签证后才能进入中国。他们还必须接受体检，并在当地派出所登记住所。

Asa last step, applicants will replace the Z-visa with a ResidencePermit for working purposes, in order to apply for a Work Permit.

作为最后一步，申请人为了申请工作许可，将Z签证换成居留许可证。

Thedocuments that must be provided to obtain a Work Permit may changedepending on the case and according to the Chinese province where theapplication is made.

获得工作许可证必须提供的文件可能会根据个案和提出申请的中国省份的不同而有所变化。

3.2.1.How to get the Chinese Notification Letter

3.2.1如何获得中文通知书

Toget the Notification Letter, the employer has to apply for it byproviding the required documentation to a local Labor Bureau. Ittakes around 3-4 weeks to obtain the Notification Letter. Then,applicants may apply for a Z Work Visa at the Chinese embassy intheir home country.

为了获得通知书，雇主必须向当地劳动局提供所需文件来申请通知书。大约需要3-4周的时间才能获得通知书。然后，申请人可以在中国驻本国大使馆申请工作签证。

3.2.2.Required documents from the Employee

3.2.2从雇员那里获得必要的文件

• Diplomaor study title duly legalized;

• 正式合法的文凭或学历;

• PoliceClearance Certificate duly legalized;

• 无犯罪证明原件和认证件;

• WorkExperience Certificate justifying at least 24 months of experience;

• 至少24个月工作经验证明;

• CV;

• 简历;

• LaborContract;

• 劳动合同;

• MedicalReport.

• 医疗报告。

3.2.3.Required documents from the Employer

3.2.3.雇主提供的必要文件

• BusinessLicense (+ Certificate of Approval if any);

• 营业执照（+批准证书（如果有））;

• Passportof the Legal Representative.

• 法定代表人护照。

3.3.How many types of Chinese Work Permits

3.3中国工作许可证的种类

Itis important to note that Work Permits fall into three differentcategories:

需要指出的是，工作许可证分为三类:

• A= high-level experts

• A= 高级专家

• B= professional workers

• B= 专业工人

• C= low skilled workers

• C= 低技能工人

Thetimelines for obtaining the notification letter, the Z visa abroad,the Work Permit and the Residence Permit, are about 45 days in total.

领取通知书、Z签证、工作许可证和居留许可证的时间总共约为45天。

Chinahas made agreements with some countries for the purpose of allowingvisa-free entry. This mainly applies for people working for thegovernment, and their stay cannot be longer than 30 days.

中国已经与一些国家达成了免签证入境的协议。这主要适用于为政府工作的人，他们的逗留期限不能超过30天。

Theexemptions are reserved for:

豁免只适用于以下情况:

• Diplomatic,service or officer passport holders;

• 外交、公务员或官员护照持有人;

• Citizensof Singapore, the Sultanate of Brunei or Japan;

• 新加坡、文莱或日本苏丹国的公民;

• Holdersof a Residence Permit (for those who have obtained a Z, J1, X1 or Dvisa);

• 居留许可证持有人（对于已获得Z，J1，X1或D签证的人）;

• Holdersof Business Travel Card.

• 商务旅游证持有人。

4.The Chinese PU Letter

4.中文邀请函

The ChinesePU Letter isa visa requirement imposed by the Chinese Government during thecovid-19 pandemic.

PU邀请函是中国政府在新冠病毒毒疾病大流行期间提出的签证要求。

Asof today, the Chinese PU Letter is partially mandatory for a limitednumber of Chinese Visas. In fact, the Z Visa type to work in Chinarequires a PU Letter or, alternatively, a Work Permit from China.

到今天为止，中国的PU邀请函对于有限数量的中国签证是部分强制性的。事实上，Z签证类型在中国工作需要一封PU邀请函或者一个来自中国的工作许可证。

Onthe other hand, the PU Letter is no longer needed for M Visa types.

另一方面，M签证类型不再需要PU邀请函。